You can know how to slide a shape using the T ( a, b ) T ( − 10, 3 ) because the first value is always the x-axis. A rotation is a type of transformation that takes each point in a figure and rotates it a certain number of degrees around a given point. We will start with the rigid motion called a translation. When describing a rigid motion, we will use points like P and Q, located on the geometric shape, and identify their new location on the moved geometric shape by P' and Q'. To avoid confusion, the new image is indicated with a little prime stroke, like this: P′, and that point is pronounced “ P prime. There are four kinds of rigid motions: translations, rotations, reflections, and glide-reflections. Suppose you have Point P located at (3, 4). The original reference point for any figure or shape is presented with its coordinates, using the x-axis and y-axis system, (x,y). Reflection – exchanging all points of a shape or figure with their mirror image across a given line (like looking in a mirror) Stretch – a one-way or two-way change using an invariant line and a scale factor (as if the shape were rubber) Shear – a movement of all the shape’s points in one direction except for points on a given line (like a crate being collapsed) Rotation – turning the object around a given fixed pointĭilation – a decrease in scale (like a photocopy shrinkage)Įxpansion – an increase in scale (like a photocopy enlargement) Translation – moving the shape without any other change You can perform seven types of transformations on any shape or figure: Translations are the simplest transformation in geometry and are often the first step in performing other transformations on a figure or shape.įor example, you may find you want to translate and rotate a shape. an isometry) because it does not change the size or shape of the original figure. A translation is a rigid transformation (a.k.a.
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